Between 1860 and 1910 operators from the main photographic studios of the time were sent throughout the Mediterranean basin to capture ""indigenous"" daily life. They returned from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria with a large quantity of portraits, landscapes and street scenes to edit postcards, stereoscopic boxes or illustrate publications. This ethnographic inventory is considered one of the greatest iconographic sources on the Maghreb of this period. This exhibition was presented in 2016 at the Atelier Yann Arthus-Bertrand on the occasion of the publication of Pascal Blanchard's book, « L'Invention de l'orient », published by Éditions de La Martinière.